I publish a lot of photos from soccer matches on OneDrive and checked, which data you can access in OneDrive:
It seems, that OneDrive
a) keeps the tags of the photos
b) adds some own tags (by AI?)
c) keeps the GPS information
d) keeps EXIF data (camera type, date and time, focal length and shutter time)
I can't see other IPTC or EXIF data in OneDrive web interface or App, but I think, that the data (caption, copyright, ....) will still be present.